The exhibit illustrates bilateral open surgery of the lumbar spine at the L4 through S1 levels to relieve pressure on the spinal cord from herniated discs. After creating working tubes to create access to the left L4-5 disc space and right L5-S1 disc space, foraminotomy, annulotomy, discectomy, and annuloplasty procedures are performed bilaterally. The surgery reduces patient pain by removing problematic disc herniations compressing the spinal cord.

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